New Video Shows: How Were Pyramids Made?

The construction of the pyramids, particularly the Great Pyramid of Giza, remains one of the most intriguing mysteries of ancient architecture. Here’s a summary based on predominant theories and archaeological findings:

Labor and Workforce:

• Size of Workforce: It’s estimated that tens of thousands of workers were involved in the construction, but not all at once. The workforce likely included skilled laborers, unskilled workers, and possibly conscripted labor during certain periods.
• Living Conditions: Evidence suggests that workers lived in temporary settlements near the pyramid sites, with findings of bakeries, storage areas, and even small homes.

Building Techniques:

• Stone Sourcing: Most stones were quarried locally, with some granite for the king’s chamber coming from Aswan, over 800 kilometers away.
• Transportation: Theories suggest stones were moved using sledges on ramps, possibly lubricated with water or oil to reduce friction. The exact method of transportation, especially for the massive blocks, continues to be debated.
• Ramps:
  • Straight Ramp:(Most likely method) One theory posits a long, straight ramp extending directly from the pyramid’s base to its top. The shortest route.

Ramp Construction

• Spiral Ramp: (Least likely method) Another theory suggests a ramp that spiraled around the pyramid itself. A spiral uses a longer distance to get to the top.
• Zigzag or Stepped Ramps: (Least likely method) Some propose ramps that zigzagged or stepped back at intervals to reduce the incline. A zigzag would be double the amount of work as a straight ramp.
• Precision and Tools:
  • Tools: Copper chisels, wooden mallets, and later, possibly bronze tools were used.
  • Accuracy: The precision in cutting and fitting the stones is remarkable, suggesting advanced knowledge of geometry and mathematics.

Construction Process:

• Foundation: The base was leveled with great precision using water channels to ensure flatness.
• Layering: Stones were laid in horizontal courses, with the outer casing stones being of finer quality and precision, creating the pyramid’s smooth appearance.
• Internal Structure: Corridors, chambers, and air shafts were built as the pyramid grew, with some speculation about the use of internal ramps for construction.

Mystery and Theories:

• Lost Knowledge: Some believe that the ancient Egyptians possessed knowledge or techniques lost to time.
• Extraterrestrial Help: A fringe theory, not supported by mainstream archaeology, suggests extraterrestrial assistance.

Modern Insights:

• Experiments and Studies: Modern experiments have attempted to recreate pyramid-building techniques, giving insights but not definitive answers.
• Archaeological Evidence: Discoveries like workers’ settlements, tools, and marks on stones continue to refine our understanding.

While we have good hypotheses based on archaeological evidence, the exact methods remain partly speculative due to the passage of time and the monumental nature of the task. If you’re interested in more up-to-date research or specific aspects like the role of hieroglyphs in construction, I can search for more recent findings or discussions.